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A Standard Type of Steam Wagon. (Allchin, 517,) Two steam

wagons are here shown, both of them, oE conrse, of the type with which this maker is now securing such euccess_ The Allchin design is of the loco-boiler type, with the compound engine mounted in the usual way over the barrel, and the drive by spur reductions and long final chain to the live back axle. A threc-tonner is shown mounted on Dunlop tires, and this is 'fitted with a high-sided body for Page and Overton, Ltd., Croydon_ On this model there is a screw-on brake wheel on the offside or the footplate, which operates a band brakeon the off hind wheel ; we illustrate this. The additional brake is that actuated by pedal, and consists of a big band brake on the live axle

Care has been taken on this machine to provide, by means of efficient splashguards on the insides of the wheel rims, protection for brakes and final drive.

The five-tonner is a. steel-tired machine, and is lettered for T. Roddis, Ltd., haulage contractors, of Roade, it is provided with a hinged-sided, and

very long platform body. There are several interesting characteristic features about the Allchin models, and not the least Of-these is the pivoted •method of attachment between the front main frame members and the smokebox brackets, and the patent method of attaching the rear wheels to the axle. An example of the Allchin

patent drawbar gear is shown on the five-tonner. This company's oeiginality and pertinacity is now being deservedly rewarded.

Pratt's "Perfection." (Anglo-American, 221.) No "Royal" motor-spirit section, we should imagine, would be complete without an Anglo-American exhibit, and. on Stand No. 221 the compeny is again well represented. Pratt's " Perfection," of course, is the first to meet the visitor's eye, and close by there is an array of the familiar two-gallon tins of Pratt's

No. 2 and Taxibus spirit. There are also the Crown Diamond, Royal Daylight., White Rose and Gladiator brands, the latter product being extensively used for driving oil-engines. This company is one of the biggest importers of lubricating oils in the country, and several grades put up in cabinets, tanks and drums form part of the exhibit.

A New 5-ton Steam Wagon. (Aveling and Porter, 254.) There are several exhibits on this stand which are of interest to those who are in any way connected with t h e commercial motor industry. Primarily we have to record the first appearance of an entirely new type of 3-ton steam wagon from the Rochester shops. Our readers will know this company has in previous years marketed a three-tonner, which, however, was very considerably or. I;10 lines ef the five-ton example. The new model, we find, has been freshly designed throughout. Its appearance is noticeable. primarily from the fact that the fore-carriage has been built under the front section oi the boiler barrel, and not under the smokebox, as is more customary, This has evidently been arranged, in order to secure shorter wheelbase, and to accomplish rather better distribution of gross weight when in working order. The vehicle thus presents a "Forward" and also a very compact. appearance. The tractionengine type of steering has been abandoned in Dli m

favour of a Aveil-conceived and adjustable Ackermann system, with the worm and wheel control, the complete wheel being arranged to give three alterations when wear takes place. There is a new design of feed-water beater embodied in the smokebox, and the safety valve is fitted with an exhaust pipe, which is now becoming quite a common feature in steam-wagon and tractor practice. The engine is compound, with a simpling arrangement,. and the final drive is by single chain in the conventional manner. There are powerful band brakes on both back wheels, and a pedal brake to the flywheel. This particular example is mounted on Continental rchher tires, and is for delivery to Mr. A. M. Holt, carrier, of Waterfoot, near Manchester. With a fourton load in the body, we are informed that this design shows a gross

weight on the back axle of only a tons 19 cwt. It is probable that this new model is quite one of the lightest three-ton steam wagons that has yet been constructed.

There is also here shown one of the company's well-known types of governed steam tractors, with three-shaft drive and live axle. It has the usual belly tank, and generally conforms to standard tractor design. It is for delivery to Mr John Riddell, of Bishoprigg. One of the company's four-cylinder petrol wagons, mounted on Con tinental tires, is also staged. This has only been altered since its last public appearance in respect of a few details. IL new has a very large radiator, with cast headers, and amongst the features of interest we noticed the following: the very powerful countershaft brake, spring mounted, in order to facilitate its floating correctly round the shaft centre ; the overhead, worm-driven back axle and the single east torque bar ; the internally-expanding rear brakes ; the leather-to-metal cone clutch ; and the absence of radius rods.

D1.2 Motor Rollers. (Barford and Perkins, 297.)

As usual, this well-known Peterborough company has a carefullychosen range of its special motordriven rollers on show at this year's ".Royal." They comprise one of the tag ",1" " size, which weighs approximatoly 11 tons full, one of the mewpattern " ES "type, an example of the ,smaller type of road rollers, and one of the lightest patterns which the company manufactures as being suitable for grass. rolling and for park use.

All the three larger models are constructed on much the same general principle. The largestIshich shown has a four-cylinder White and Poppe engine, whilst the other two have two-cylinder engines. All the power plant is grouped in line across the middle of the framework, the final driw being by single roller chain to the side of the rear rollers in each ease.

The " E3S " model is of a type which the company tells us it is selling to a large number of roadmaking authorities and contractors in England as well as abroad. It weighs 6i tons empty and tons full. The engine is a 16, b.h.p.

model, and like the others used by the Peterborough works is provided with a paraffin carburetter.

At first sight there is always a little difficulty in telling which is the front and which is the back of the smallest of the Barford models. We refer to the 11-tonner which is used for grass rolling. In this model, atwin-cylinder engine and its iadiator are positioned at the back of the main framework. The driver sits forward of this, and the clutch and gearbox are beneath his feet.

Shell. (British Petroleum, 218.)

The display for which this wellknown feel importer is responsible is particularly attractive, representations of the firm's Shell motor spirit trade mark being much in evidence. The tangible business side of the exhibit includes barrels and tanks of Resoleurn, Gasoleum, and R.V.O., and of Rocklight products suitable for driving oil engines; tins of Crown brand motor spirit were also to be seen, this particular grade being specially recommended by the British Petroleum Co. as a fuel for industrialvehicle engines.

The Ideal Self-contained Plough. (Bumsted and Chandler, 357.)

This exhibitor is showing the ideal plough', manufactured under Waller patents. The example which is staged is veey similar to that which was seen at the last Royal Shcw at Bristol. it has, bowever, certain improvements which are noticeable. Primarily, there is a new type of plough frame, which permits the sideways adjustment of the. shares. The plough-lifting tackle is also modified. A new worm gear has been schemed, and this is put into operation by means of a hand lever from the, driver's seat. A four-cylindcr engine, under a conventional _type of bonnet, with the serviceable-looking radiator, comprises the power plant, and the gear mechanism remains much as it was When last this machine made its public appearance. The paddle arrangement of eccentrically-mounted spuds is still retained. Mr. Waller tells us that he has been doing ex. cellent work with a similar model over very heavy ground for some while past.

The Twin-chain Steamer. (Burrell, 516.)

The Burrell steam wagon is of the type which, while it resembles the conventional loco-boiler pattern in many respects, has certain definite characteristics which distinguish it. A five-tonner is shown at Shrewsbury, and this has the Burrell double-chain drive. Up to that point the wagon is very much on the lines of other.3 of this successful class of machine ; that is to say, a loco boiler is used and a compound engine, with Stephenson link motion, is mounted over the barrel, hut, in

stead of the long single chain to a live back axle, Burrell's use cross shafts, which are supported on sideplate extensions from the firebox, and which carry the differential. Twin chains drive froni the ends of these shafts t6 the wheels on the dead " back axle. Advantage is taken of this method to embody a substantial class of internal-expanding, back-wheel brake.

There are many features on this machine which are worthy of inspee tion by anybody who is intent upon contrasting the various types of steam wagon that a.re nowadays available and which are exemplified at the "Royal." Amongst special characteristics we would draw attention to the use of open-jawed slide bars, funnels for the exhaust steam from the safety valve, the dipping of the side members, and the neat sheet-metal easing over the cylinders.

Another Burrell exhibit is an example of this company's five-ton tractor construction, which is for delivery to Mr. E. H. Jones, furniture remover, or Newtown, Montgomery. This model is low built,

and is a particularly-handy class of machine. So far as the power plant is concerned, it has many of the characteristics of the company's steam wagon. The engine, however, is a governed one, and is fitted with a mechanical lubricator. This tractor is of the type which won the gold medal in the R.A.C. Trials of 1907.

The five-tonner is for delivery to Taylor's Eagle Brewery, Ltd., Greenheys, Manchester.

Belpaire Boilers on Wagons and Tractors.

(Clayton and Shettleworth, 2754 Following its precedent of last year, Clayton and Shuttleworth, Ltd., is again to be found in tho machinery-in-motion section, and as usual its comprehensive display well repays inspection. The company's steam wagons have now firmky established themselves in public favouroand the two examples shown fully maintain the maker's high reputation. The vehicles are of the three-ton and five-ton ty,pes, respectively, and in each case the boiler is of the Belpaire type, which, in addition to affording great working strength, provides the maximum of steam space. They are both built to work at a pressure of 200 lb. per sq. in.

A compound engin.a forms the power unit for each machine, the high-pressure cylinder being fitted with piston valves and the lowpressure with ordinary slide valves. A feature of these steam wagons is that the cylinders are so designed that they ean both be worked with high-pressure steam as well as compound if: necessity arises. This, of course, is a great advantage when extra power is temporarily required.

The smaller wage tuns on stoutly built wood wheels shod IN":th Continental tires, the particular type in this case being this company's " profile-T " form. A noticeable feature of the five-tonner is that the. driver's position—consequently the main transmission—

is placed on the opposite side to that of the three-ton model, which is located on the off-side, evidently to facilitate control by one man in the case of the •latter type. The steel-shod five-ton example Pins been built to the order of Messrs. James Nixon and Son, haulage contractor, Macclesfield. A third noteworthy exhibit consists of a Clayton and Shutleworth five-ton tractor, the powerunit of which includes a governed compound engine. It has a threeshaft drive, and the special method of mounting the rear live axle on plate springs should be examined. This machine is to the order of Messrs. Wright and Pankhurst, Rye. We noticed with interest, that for night. travelling the tractor is lighted by means of a Terrell acetylene headlamp.

Wheels of All hinds. (Connolly, 225.) Connolly wheels suitable for both heavy and light industrial vehicles are here shown in varied sizes and types. The standard examples which we ourselves examined appeared to be well-proportioned, and bore evidence of very good finish. Some of the wheels on view were shod with solid-rubber band tires, and there was also a goodly number of the steel-shod class. The various types shown are well calculated to satisfy the most exacting of light or heavy-vehicle manufacturers.

Two Oil Tractors and Two Lorries. (Daimler, 367.) This celebrated Coventry factory has dispatched four different examples of its products to Shrewsbury. Two of them are tractors and two are lorries.

First of all, with regard to the ti-actors: one is an example of the six-cylinder, 105 h.p. type, which he company has been producing for several years past. This model is specially designed for use in breaking up virgin land in South

America and similar territory, and it can, over average ground, haul a 21-furrow plough. It has a sixcylinder Daimler sleeve-valve en gine, which, in the present design, is situated amidships in the frame. There is a big cone clutch, and thence the drive travels to the change-speed gearbox, which yields two speeds forward and one reverse, and then, by big wormgear reduction, to the differential shafts, at the outer ends of each of which is a spur pinion which engage respectively with the big spur rings that, are part and parcel of the a ft. road wheels. The bore and stroke of the engine are both 150 mm. Special care is taken of the cooling of this huge plant, and a multi-tubular radiator is built into the circular front portion of the tractor, and a large chaindriven fan produces the draught through it. The front portion of this tank arrangement is devoted to petrol storage, and to this latter, as well as to the water tank, Willcox pumps convey fresh supplies. The other tractor is a new and smaller type, and has already achieved remarkable results in field tests. We were told, too, that it has recently climbed Crosseliff Hill, outside Lincoln, which has a gradient of 1 in 6.9, with S tons behind it, and that it stopped and started quite easily under those conditions. The general scheme of the engine is a very simple one, and after careful examination we are confident in predicting its capacity for very useful and satisfactory work. This machine has a fourcylinder, 40 h.p. engine, which drives through a cone clutch and a short length of shaft with the usual Daimler leather couplings to a bevel-gear pair in the bottom of the gearease, and thence by a spur reduction to the shaft above ; the differential gear can be locked at will. The final drive is from the ends of the differential shafts through the usual straight-spur reduction on to the rear road wheels. This machine weighs, in working order, 5 tons 18 cwt., and can haul a six or eight-furrow plough, or from 10 to 14 discs. The cooler is of special construction, and the draught is induced by the exhaust. whilst there is no fan. The cooling water is passed through an assembled series of vertical fiat plates, packed together with rubber joints.

It is interesting to note that both the tractors have governed engines, and on the smaller of them an Ideal carburetter is employed, with its micrometer jet adjustment. Of the two lorries, one is a twoton standard model, of which the mechanical details are, we presume, fairly well known to the majority of our readers by now. This has a 22 li.p., 95 mm. by 140 mm. sleevevalve engine and the usual characteristic Daimler features, which include a worm-drive back axle and leather-disc universal joints. This example carries a very fine example of coachwork, which has been constructed by Messrs. Gilbert and Wale, West Bromwich. It is an open-sided hinged lorry, smartly finished in green, for Hancock's, the brewers, of Cardiff, and the machine is a repeat order. It is mounted on Continental tires.

The other lorry is a three-ton Colonial example, and is sold to the Sunshine Trading Co., of Australia. In general details it is of standard three-ton type, but it has a specially heavy frame, steel disc wheels and steel tires. Moreover, there is a winding gear neatly embodied between the engine and the gearbox proper, which is put into operation by the automatic shifting into gear of the worm and the worm-gear drive_ This winding tackle yields a speed of travel of about two miles an hour. We illustrate it.

A Remarkable Motor Plough. (Darby-Maskell, 318.)

Undoubtedly one of the most remarkable exhibits which concern us that are shown at the " Royal " this year is the Darby-Maskell plough, which is still much on the lines of the example which was first shown at the Show at Bristol last year. The latest machine is a powerful four-cylinder Maudslay with the engine placed under the conventional bonnet. This drives through a cone clutch to a big gearbox, whence, by silent chain, the drive goes forward again to a cross shaft, at the ends of which are articulated joints, which operate the spur drives for the front wheels. The twin back wheel's are jointly driven by a big roller chain. The front wheels are the steering wheels.

From the rear part of the main gearbox there is an extension of the main driving shaft., which, through a universally-jointed propeller shaft, operates the turret, carried at the extreme rear of the machine, which is responsible for operating the twin rotary-ploughing mechanism.

The action of this machine is quite remarkable, as slight consideration of its mechanism will show that, the effect of the ploughing movement is to assist to push the machine itself forward. When in operation the whole plough or cultivator travels at about one mile per hour. There are two sets of ploughshares or cultivating tools of six each. These are attached to chains, which revolve on sprocket wheels in the direction opposite to the travel of the implement. When at work, six of these shares are operating, three on each side of the machine, while six others are out of action. It is stated that it does five times as much work as three horses for each journey. The whole plough frame at the back is slung, and there is provision for hoisting it by power.

Timken Bearings.

(Electric and Ordnance, 224.)

Judging by the amount of interest early evinced by visitas to this stand, the Timken adjustable roller bearing is as popular amongst agriculturists and others as ever it was. Those responsible for the exhibit had, with commendable forethought, fitted this friction-eliminating component to quite an assortment of axles and wheels in order to facilitate examination. Each component part of these bearings is manufactured from the finest grade of steel procurable ; they are, moreover, machined to a high degree of accuracy and then are carefully ease-hardened and ground. The minimum of lubricant is required for axles and wheels fitted with the Timken device, and clogged or greasy hubs fitted with them are unknown quantities. A liberal guarantee covers each bearing supplied.

Fastnut. (Stand 571.) Fastnut, Ltd., is well placed in occupying Stand No 371, and the premier exhibit, which is, of course, the now widely-known and extenlively-used nut-locking washer, is bound, as usual, to attract much attention on the part of the agriculturists and engineers. The company claims that Fastnut washers will hold all nuts under any degree of vibration, and the demonstration given by the concern's representative went far to substantiate this statement. Other useful accessories included here are Fastnut spanners, made to take eight different sizes of nuts, and Fastfit wrenches, both of the self-adjusting and ratchetoperated types.

The Fashionable Foden.

• (Foden, 315.) ' Two examples of the well-known Foden steam wagon are staged. The lighter one is of the three-ton standard type mounted on Polack

solid-rubber tires. It has a lowsided, hinged body, and is for delivery to the Tynemouth Gas Co., of North Shields. This example has the workmanlike east-steel wheels which the company has adopted for the past few years ; they are noticeable because of their widely-bifurcated spokes. The other example is a five-tonner, and is an order front Messrs. Winn and Sons, haulage contractors, of New

port, Men. This is steel-tired, and has built-up si eel wheels.

Foden design remains much as it has been and with such conspicuous success for a number of years past ; only in small details, in order to facilitate replacement or production, is there anything of a novel character to be recorded. A feed water heater is fitted to all Foden wagons nowadays, and undoubtedly this aids the considerable economy of fuel consumption.

The type, of course, is one which it is an open secret has given a lead to n, number of other steam-wagon makers in this country, so that, as a, matter of fact, this class of machine, with its loco boiler, compound engine mounted in tractionengine fashion over the boiler, and the drive by spur gear and long single roller chain, is almost invariably nowadays spoken of as of the Foden type. That in itself is sufficient recommendation for the Sandbach design and workmanship, if the very large numbers of actual models which have been in hard service for many years are not still better evidence of worth. The Loco-sprung Tractor. (Foster, 368.) There are two examples of this well-known class of tractor on show, and both of them, of course, embody the familiar outside form of rearaxle springing. One of our illustrations will serve to remind our readers of this patented device, which affords the Foster tractor increased stability under all road conditions. The laminated half-elliptic class of spring is mounted over the top of the back axle in locomotive style, and there is a special short-link arrangement at both ends of each, which compensates for alteration of spring re-action. Both the machines are of the usual compound type with feedwater heater, and the drive is by three-shaft arrangement to the live back axle. One of the examples, we noticed, was lettered for Charles Opeushaw, Ltd., Broadway Buildings, Reading ; the other is for the well-known haulage contractors, Dagnalls, Ltd., of Cricklewood. The latter machine is provided with a hand-operated jib crane attachment mounted on the smokebox ; we illustrate this on page 949.

The Fowler-Wyles Plough. (fowler, 255.) A special example of the Wyles plough is shown on this stand, and it is interesting to note certain constructional differences as between this example, manufactured under the Wyles patents, and the two models which are shown by the Wyles plough people themselves, and described elsewhere. The Fowler example has a single-eylinder engine, set lengthwise in the chassis and driving through a simple cone clutch to an encased wormgear reduction. The cross-shaft at its two ends carries pinions driving the final internal-spur gears on the road wheels themselves. There is no provision for change speed. The bell-crank method of mounting the driving wheels, in order to secure adjustment for their relative height, is on the same basic principle as that already described on several occasions in connection with the Wyles implement. In the Fowler model these levers are raised or lowered independently by means of screw blocks operated by small hand wheels placed vertically over them.

So far as the control is concerned on this machine, this is arranged so as to be easily available for the attendant. There is one lever for the main clutch, and two separate ones for the small clutches controlling the independent engagement of the road wheels themselves ; these are situated near the driving pinions. The main frame is of plate-steel construction, and to the after end of this is pivoted the plough frame. The cultivators can be. attached here if necessary. The plate framing is slotted to facilitate the raising or lowering of the independent road wheels. The single-cylinder engine to which we have referred is magneto ignited ; there is a belt-driven fan, but no pump. The engine is governed on its Claudel carburetter. A neat form of gilled-tube radiator, with east header being the inscription " Fowler-Wyles plough," adds to the appearance of this machine. The road wheels themselves are of the disc type.

From the Superheated-stesm Specialists. (Garrett, 165.)

Garretts are showing two steam wagons and a. tractor, all of them, of course, embodying the company's superheated-steam practice in its entirety. We would straightaway pay a. tribute to the care which has evidently been taken by this constructor to produce something entirely satisfactory in the matter of steam-wagon brakes, a problem that has, we fear, not been given so much attention as it should have been in the past by certain steam-wagon makers, although most of them now are bringing this detail lip to date—a fact upon which we comment elsewhere in this present report.

The three-ton Garrett is a rubber tired model, its steel wheels, bifurcated as to the back ones and straight as to the front, are mounted on Continental tires. This model has the characteristic off-side control for the driver; a position which is only favoured by one or two makers. The brakes on this particular model appear to be of quiterecently-produced type. A pull-up hand lever is now provided by which the driver operates the powerful internal-expanding brakes which engage with large-diameter drums bolted to the back wheels. This brake system is compensated by a sturdy cross bar. In addition to these brakes, there is a pair of twin shoe brakes mounted one on each side of the main chain drive on the live bank axle_ These are operated by pedal. Garretts are now providing useful leather mudguards on the inside of their steam wagons' back wheels to protect brakes and chain drive from splash.

The five-tonner is another rubbertired model, and, or course, has the Garrett superheater and the characteristic piston valves in the compound engine. This machine is mounted on Polacks, the back twin tires being 1070 mm. by 160 mm. The brakes on this vehicle consist of big boo-type shoe brakes on the opposite side of the live axle to the chain drive, and large-diameter internal-expanding brakes on drums bolted to the back wheels. This model is for delivery to Mr. A. A. Gibbons, West End Flour Mills, Ipswich. Other exhibits by the Leiston works include a . standard five-ton tractor and the first of the company's new motor ploughs.

Rollers and Mowers. (Green, 269.) Two of Green's rollers are shown, one on the stand as numbered above, the other on that of H. R. Marsden, Ltd., No. 344, in which latter case it is shown operating a stone-breaker. This latter model is of the 10-ton type. On Stand No. 69 the roller is a three-tonner, and it is characteristic of this maker's design generally. The sturdy petrol engine, together with its clutch, its gearbox, its spur-gear reduction, and its final chain drive, are all arranged in line transversely across the middle of the frame. The final drive is by chain down to one side of the rear roller. There is a.water tank over the latter, and the whole machine is covered by an ample canopy. It is a simple type of machine, and in our own experience is capable of first-class and economical work.

This company also manufactures a road-sweeper of novel design, a machine which we have had occasion to describe at considerable length in THE COMUERCIAL MOTOU recently. Greens are also showing a range of motor mowers. The New Bauche Cultivator. (Ivel, 355.) Of particular interest to the farmer and agriculturist is Stand No. 355, occupied by Ivel Agricultural Motors, Ltd. Four exhibits are staged, two representing the Ivel agrimotor to which we have referred many times in this journal, and the other two are the latest type of Ivel-Bauche motor hoe.

Each agricultural tractor is fitted with a 24 h.p. engine which is provided with dual ignition, on the standard model there being provision for one forward speed and a reverse. The driving wheels are shod with straight spuds of rectangular section diagonally placed ; it is claimed that these are non-slipping whatever be the conditions of the ground on which the tractor is working. The other machine is somewhat on the same lines ; in this instance, however, the engine can be run on either paraffin or petrol, a further modification being that two forward travelling speeds are provided in addition to reverse. The principal line of demarcation from the standard type of Ivel tractor is that patent driving wheels are fitted, the spuds of which are mild steel of hollow rectangular section. It is particularly suitable for Colonial work.

The two Ivel-Bauche hoes ar, quite an attraction. In the largei example a 4 h.p. engine forms the prime mover, whilst in the smaller a 2 h.p. engine is fitted ; both have magneto ignition. These hoes have been found particularly valuable for use in vineyards, orchards, cotton and rubber plantations, and for field work. The hoes are caused to reciprocate with the action of the machine, and it is found that the roots and undergrowth which are negotiated are mashed and pulverized in a remarkably-effective manner, and it is impossible for them to take root again after the machines have once done their work. The small rear trolley wheel is mounted on a vertical spindle which can be easily raised or lowered at will. The minimum width in which the larger hoe can operate is 49 ins., Whilst the smaller implement can work in 25 ins, of width. They are small implements of obvious merit.

A Fire-engine and a Cesspool Wagon. (Leyland, 319.) The Leyland selection at this year's " Royal " is again well in keeping with the capabilities for excellent showmanship which have for so long characterized this company's exhibits. In all there are four representative types occupying the stand, the first which attracted our attention being a five-ton petrol wagon, fitted with a 50 h.p. engine. It is of the company's latest type, and is fitted with a lorry body having a platform area 14 ft. 2 ins. long Eel by 6 ft. wide, the flooring of which is strengthened with strips of mild steel. The driver is well protected by a suitable cab, there being an extension of the dash and side doors, whilst access is provided on both sides. This wagon is for John Smith's Tadcaster Brewery Co.

Lined up alongside is a 27-seated torpedo-type char--banes. The special feature of this is that the machine is built to the War Office " aviation-type" specification, and consequently the owner, Mr. J. W. Dewhurst of Blackpool, will be entitled to the War Office subsidy. An interchangeable goods body is provided to complete the outfit, so that the business capabilities of the machine can be employed during all seasons.

The third exhibit is an impressive-looking fire-fighting set. It has a 60 h.p. Leyland engine, coupled to a Rees-Roturbo 450-gallon Multi-stage pump, and is similar to many which are now being supplied to brigades all over Great Britain and abroad.

The final exhibit is a gulleycleansing vacuum tank-wagon, an unusual type of machine. This is one of two built to the order of the Nottingham Corporation. The chassis is the company's standard five-ton steam-driven type, and the tank has a capacity of 1000 gallons. The engine is of the standard Leyland double-acting, two-cylinder, high-pressure type, fed with superheated steam from the Leyland standard fire-tube vertical boiler. The necessary working vacuum for the tank is readily created by means of :a steam ejector, and the vacuum can thus be established in four or five minutes, after which the suction-hose is dropped into the gulley or cesspool, and the semiliquid matter is immediately drawn up into the tank. A small jib crane is fitted to facilitate the lifting and swinging of the suction hose for discharging. There is a large exhaustmanhole fitted. at the rear end of the tank, and :in order to ensure that the receptacle is completely emptied a mild-steel conveyor is provided ; this is easily operated through • a clutch connected up to the engine.

Unfortunately the Leyland eexhibits were not available for photography when our report was com-: piled.

A Superheated Tractor. (McLaren, 564.)

Amongst the representative assortment of steam agricultural plant here shown is, as on previous occasions, an example of the interesting tractor in which this maker specializes. it is of the conventional five-ton pattern, and is primarily intended for use as an. agricultural motor, i.e., for directhaulage ploughing. The original model secured the R.A.S.E. gold medal in 1910.

In design it may be recalled that it differs considerably from other steam tractors. Primarily it is noticeable on account of its super-heating arrangements. One of our illustrations shows how the superheater is embodied over the top of

the firebox ; the feed-water heater is placed immediately behind the superheater, the controlling valves for the latter being placed on top of it. The two valves which appear prominently over the top of the superheater on which the chimney is built control the admission of steam to the superheater, and the passage of it thence to the engine. That on the off side is one of the well-known Hopkinson valves ; that on the near side is a cast-iron valve, specially designed and made by MeLaren's, which acts as a regulator to the engine. Provision is made, and very usefully we con sider, to enable the whole of the superheater auxiliary device to be cut out entirely, so that the engine can if necessary he run in the ordinary way straight from the boiler with satisrated steam.

The 'McLaren model has a fourshaft drive with a dead axle, which system the company finds stands up to its work admirably. The winding drum is mounted on the near side of the bock axle, and suitable fair leads are embodied in the design. The back wheels of the machine on exhibition are 18 ins, wide, and specially built for operating on land.

Amongst other interesting lea, tures of this model we would draw attention to the special radial ploughing attachment at the back, arid it will be also noticed that the tractor is provided with the usual arrangement for ordinary haulage on the highway.

The Steam Cart Co.'s Exhibits. (Mann, 560,)

There are four examples of the unique type of steam-wagon and tractor construction on this stand. The general arrangement of the Mann chassis is, we imagine, now fairly well known to most of our readers. The four examplea are usefully illustrative of the various classes of machine to which this can be readily adapted. 'nest of all there is a useful little steam tractor, which can. be employed either for direct ploughing, road haulage or other stationary work ; there is a water tank and small platform mounted over the rear of the machine, and it is of the all-gear type, with a winding drum on the live back axle, which latter is carried on two wide driving wheels by means of inverted laminated springs mounted underneath. The engine is, as usual, carried on top of the loco-type boiler, and the Mann

. method of arranging the control on the off side is embodied.

Another useful model, attractively painted, is a small steam roller, which has been specially designed for rolling tar macadam and for patching ordinary highway surfaces.. This can he readily converted for use as a steam wagon, and employed for hauling road metal and for spray watering, etc. It has a .tip-cart body, and is provided with a large, single back roller. This example has a short chain drive, in contrast to the model we have just mentioned. The two rollers at the front are of the separated type. Right across the back of the rear roller is a set of adjustable wooden brakes. A standard five-ton, steel-tired steam wagon is for the Bute House Fuel Co., East Moors, Cardiff, which concern manufactures patent fuel and firewood. This has a singlechain drive. The fourth model is one of the company's standard steam tipping carts of the all-gear design.

No Big Agrimotors this Year Again. (Marshall, 300.)

Marshall's show what is undoubtedly one of the llest-finished steam tractors in the "Royal." It is of the three-shaft type, with the drive to one side, and embodies what is now the usual arrangement of tractor mechanism. We noted the firstclass finish throughout on this machine. Particularly pleasing is the neat construction of the junction between the smokebox and boiler barrel. There is a feed-water heater of compact design, and the customary winding drum and belly tank. This machine is for delivery to F. Rawles and Son, Cardiff.

A Farmer's Milk Van. (Maxwell, 223.)

At the time of our visit to this company's stand, the exhibits had not arrived ; we were informed, however, that it was intended to show three Maxwell vehicles. Two of these call for particular mention, one being specially built to serve in work as a general-utility machine, whilst the other has been constructed for commercial travellers' use. Each chassis has a 22 h.p. four-cylinder engine, the final drive to the live back axle being effected by a bevel gear set.

The coachwork on the utility model is provided with a, detachable milk-carrying attachment, on which four churns can be carried. With regard to the commercial traveller's vehicle, the owner will find plenty of accommodation for large sample cases. All the windows have roller blinds fitted, and, in addi--thrn to this provision, if it be so desired, shutters can be provided to prevent too much sunlight's getting into contact with samples of deli.eate fabric.

In Case of Fire at the Show. (Merryweather, 376.) Merryweathers are well represented; they are this year once again responsible for the fire precautions throughout the yard. The big fire-fighting set which occupies a prominent position on the stand embodies all the well-known constructional features associated with this maker. The machine is built to the order of the Malton and Nor

ton (Yorks.) The powerunit consists of a 42 h.p. engine, which is cooled by rotary pump. The outfit has been specially built for use in agricultural districts. The delivery pump is of the wellknown Hatfield reciprocating type, and has an output of 400 gallons.

The rear road wheels, it is interesting to record are shod with triple tires, of Dunlop manufacture, the dimensions being 1020 mm. by 90 mm. These dimensions also apply to the single band front tires. Placed amidships in the chassis is a box capable of carrying 2000 ft. of F2 hose, and located immediately behind the driver's seat there is a powerful swinging searchlight. The fire-fighting equipment also includes a so-ft. collapsable ladder, which is placed over the hose receptacle. Other exhibits on this stand comprise portable pumps for cultivation and irrigation uses.

Moellenkamp. (Stand 104.)

On stand No. 104 is to be seen the Stock motor plough, which has been staged by Messrs. F. W. 3tIoellenkamp and Co. It is one of the most comprehensive agricultural implements to be seen in the Show. The engineering-like form of the construction will at once inspire the confidence of the most-exacting agriculturist. A four-cylinder petrol-driven engine comprises the power unit, and it is .capable of developing 55 h.p. With a view to economical run ning, a special carburetter is fitted, which enables heavy grades of fuel to be utilized. Four forward and two -reverse speeds are obtainable.

The business end of the machine comprises six shares, the overall width of the furrows which can be cut being 6 ft. 6 ins. It is of special import to record that the raising and lowering of the ploughshares is, on this latest type, effected by the motor. Fitted with attachment for stationary use the implement sells at £1100.

Solid-band Tires. (North British, 271.)

This company's " Royal " selection will directly appeal to the user of machines shod with solid-band tires. There are all sizes and sections on view. The largest set of solids were found an measurement to have a diameter of 48,1,ins. These

towered well above some of the examples of Clincher, Premier, and Clincher band tires which were ranged alongside. This representative exhibit included specimens of the company's extensively-used indiartibber balata belting, suction and delivery hose for steam-propelled vehicles, and a big assortment of washers and vulcanite goods which have particular bearing upon the industry.

Timber for the Industry. (Owen, 242.) A big assortment of worked timber and planking is arranged on Stand No. 242, and this demonstrates the varied classes of business in the timber line which Joseph Owen and Sons, Ltd., is in a position to cater for. There is a

large variety of ash felloes, English and American naves, dressed English and American spokes in oak and hickory, and a large number of wheels and rims suitable for heavy tractors_ The many stacks of planking exhibited include American ash and elm suitable for frame coachwork ; these are shown up to 3 ius. in thickness, Then there are bireh, Canary whitewood, satin walnut for body panelling, etc. The company also constructs drivers' canopies suitable for all types or industrial vehicles, and of which there are several excellent examples shown.

Cord-Tire Making (521,) Palmer Tyre.

The Palmer Tyre, Ltd., is once more, to be commended for its excellent showmanship. At the time of our visit the stand was well occupied, the attraction being the

company's cord-laying machines, which were, with remarkable precision, weaving foundations fox "Palmer cords." The exhibit includes a big selection of tire accessories. We were informed by the company's representative that there is now satisfactory demand on the part or e-;.press-delivery Ian builders for Palmer light-van tit-es.

Lubricants of all Grades. (Price's, 559.)

Price's Co., Ltd., is strongly represented on Stand No, am, and the user of power: no 1rialt.P.1' whether his engines be driven by petrol, kerosene, crude oils, gas or steam, will find in this exhibit something to interest him. Price's have displayed in good array tins containing their well-knownlubricants, the names of which are known to most of us, and which include Original Heavy Gas, Sherwood sperm, Oil-engine oil, Compound-engine oil, Battersea an Belmont cylinder oils, and 'many other grades of commercial lubricants. It speaks well for this maker's productions when it is recorded that a large number of the power exhibits shown at the "Royal " is using this company's lubricants, a particular instance being that of the two large tractors shown on the Daimler stand.

Oil Tractor Not Staged. (Ransomes, 286.)

This company is showing one of its compound tractors with a, governed engine, and its characteristic features arc those of a IILICY1her of other types of machines of this class. IL has the usual compound engine, with a three-shaR drive to a live' axle. The footplate is particularly accessible, and it has a useful side entrance. A capacious belly tank is fitted, and this supports the reel for the flexible hose. At the time of writing, the example of this company's oil tractor which it was intended to exhibit was not staged.

A Range of Agrimotors. (Saunderson and Mills, 558.) There are four examples of this company's agrimotors here shown, and they are known to the initiated as types B, H, J, and S, respectively.

The first three models are symbolical of the company's new standardized class of design. The two largest ones -of the three have two-cylinder, water-cooled engines, and the smaller one has a singlecylinder motor of the same clasps, aI! engines being placed transversely across the frame. The drive in all eases, too, is similar, and is by means, 'first of all, of a, leather-lined cone clutch, and then by large spur-gear reduction into the gearbox. In all cases this latter unit has three speeds and a reverse, with a separate lever for the reverse. Each of the engines is provided with a carburetter, which enables paraffin or petrol to be used alternatively, although they are primarily intended to run on the former fuel, petrol only being used wheii necessary for starting up. Separate pumps are provided for water and oil circulation on the larger of these three designs, the other two only having a pump for the oil circulation. The " B " and " H " types use their exhaust for inducing a draught through the radiator, which latter unit is a big, square construction, with tubular centres, the exhaust drawing a column of air up through the pump and through the whole device. The method of control is interesting ; one pedal pulls out the clutch and brake, and one the, clutch only. A hand lever operates the internal block brakes on the back wheels, whilst the brake to which we have already referred as being operated by pedal is internal on a special drum. Tins class of control is peculiar to all the first three models which we mention. The larger models are all fitted with winding drums, and, of course, all types have ploughing bars. The " J " type, which is known as the " Universalette," has a 10-12 h.p. single-cylinder engine, and conforms in general details to the other models which we have already described. The engine on the larger of the two-cylinder type has a bore of 7 ins, and a stroke of 8 ins.

The fourth machine is of the " S " type, and is of a class with which visitors to these Royal Shows will be more or less familiar. It has its four-cylinder engines set lengthwise in the frame, the gearbox is at the back of the chassis, and the drive goes forward again to a big bevel gear, which encircles the differential, and thence the final drive is b3,

spur gears to the back wheels, which latter are 24 ins, wide and 6 ft. in diameter. This is the only machine shown on which the method of control from the side is still retained.

An American Delivery Van. (Studebaker, 281.) The Studebaker Co. has staged, amengst its other exhibits, an express-delivery van. The power unit is a 20 h.p. four-cylinder engine, cast en bloc. The chassis of this commercial production must in no wise be classed with the company's touring model, it having been specially constructed for industrial purposes, and is capable of handling 15-cwt. loads under severe working conditiens. Numbers of these delivery vans are to be seen in the service of Shrewsbury tradesmen-a capital local demonstration. The price of the complete machine is -2275 ; this also includes a folding adjustable windscreen. A Chain-driven Steam Tractor. (Tasker, 363.)

.34tich to our regret, at the time of leaving the Showyard one of the principal novelties in the implement yard had not arrived. We refer to the new chain-driven pattern of steam tractor which has been produced by the well-known Waterloo Ironworks of W. Tasker and Sons, Ltd. This departure from the almost-invariable practice of using only spur gears for the main drive of steam tractors has been

embodied in what appears a satisfactory attempt to overcome the difficulty of affording efficient springing for these handy little. machines, whilst at the same time ensiring that the gear drive of what• ever -'kind it is .shall not be subjected to variation of mesh.

This has always been a problem of steam-tractor design. The chain has proved so very satisfactory in the ease of the loco-type steam wagon, as originally produced by Fodens, that it is a natural corollary that. sonic practical attempt should be made to embody something similar in respect of tractors. We Cannot do hotter than advise all visitors to the Show who are interested in this class of plant to pay very careful attention to this new departure of Taskers.

One ef the well-known " Little

Giant." compound tractors, for flail and Co., of Croydon, is shown. This is of the three-shaft type, and has all the usual characteristics of modern standardized steam-tractor construction. It is, of course, fitted with H oare's patent spring gear and oil bath.

A five-ion Tasker tip wagon is also shown. This is for Messrs. Wolstencroft and Roberts, contrac

tors, of Denbigh. This company makes a great speciality of trailers; of all kinds, and is showing examples of its work in this direction.

A Tractor of Good Value. (Wallis and Steevens, 520.) Wallis and Steevens' compound steam tractor is one of the exhibits on this stand. Its design remains mue!I as it hao for sonic years past, and in general arrangement it follows the customary practice with makers of this class of plant. We have always contended that this particular tractor is exceptionally good value for those in search of efficient steam-hauling plant of this capacity. No visitor to the Show who is interested in steam haulage should fail to seize this opportunity of becoming familiar with the steam tractor designed by this well-known Basingstoke house.

Engineers' Stores of All Hinds. (Willcox, 251.)

Willcox and Co., Ltd., is here again well to the fore in the comprehensive nature of its exhibit on stand No. 231, which is certain, as on previous occasions, to excite interest on the part of the agriculturist and engineer alike. Semirotary, double and quadruple-acting pumps, injectors, water-lifters, mechanical lubricators, belting, lathes, vices, drilling machines, packings, jointings, asbestos, lnbricating oils, fans and forges ale but merely a few of the Willcox representative selections.

The New Wyles Plough and Cultivator. (Wyles, 562.) Two of the latest examples of the ingenious little NITyles plough are here staged by the Wyles Motor Ploughs, Ltd., whose offices axe at 18, Park Road, Leeds. This machine is entered as a " new implement." It has a governed engine of 8 b.h.p., magneto ignited, and there is provision for two ploughing speeds. It can be arranged either to plough with one or two shares. Of the many interesting features of this novel plant the outstanding one is undoubtedly that by which the depth can be varied at will while operating. By a special arrangement of bell-crank levers, the relative heights of the driving wheels may be varied. The engine is set transversely across the frame, and drives through a friction clutch and by silent chain to the special twospeed gearbox, which operates the two driving wheels by further friction clutches, which may be disconnected at will by the man in charge. A smart little tubular radiator, with cast headers, adds to the appearance of this machine. There is a fan, but no water pump. The two speeds are controlled by short levers contained on the gearbox, but these are not intended to be varied during the operation of the plough. The clutches on the actual driving wheels are operated by means of triggers on the ploughing handles. Quite the smartest of the many developments which have taken place in this design from time to time is a new one for which Mr. Albert Wyles is responsible, by means of which the machine can lift itself clear under its own power at the headlands and turn in like manner. By an ingenious arrangement of pawls, the tendency of the whole machine to wind itself round its own final gears is used to make it, when

desired, lift the frame bodily relatively to the wheels. This is, of course, very necessary, even in a machine of such a light nature as the Wyles implement. The pivoted plough frame is still a feature of this device. Two examples are shown, one a plough and the other a cultivator. We much regret that, owing to a mishap, our photograph of this interesting pair was damaged in transit.

The Wagon with the Cross Boiler. (Yorkshire, 361.)

This well-known manufa,cturer of steam wagons stages two capital examples of its productions. The first one to arrive was a steel-tired five to six-ton machine built to the order of Mr. Richd. Sergeant, contractor., of Brinscall, near Chorley. It has a useful form of tip-wagon body with this maker's special lifting device. The body itself is 12 ft. long, 6 ft. 6 in. wide and 2 ft, deep.

Our readers may recall that the Yorkshire steamwagon design has comparatively recently been sublected to certain valuable improvements, and these include the new method of supporting the front of the wagon on the forecarriage by balancing the front springs, and the use of central-pivoted front wheels, which, combined with the Ackermann form of steering behind the front axle, renders the control of this machine an exceptionally easy one.

Characteristic features of Yorkshire steam-wagon design, it is hardly necessary to remind our readers, are the double-ended transverse boiler, the vertical engine placed at the rear of the footplate, and the single chain final drive from the gear reduction, which latter is snugly housed close to the engine case.

The smaller example of Yorkshire construction is a three to four-ton model, on rubber-tired tubular-steel road wheels : the tires are Continentals. This example has a flat platform body with high ends, the piaform being 13 ft. long, and is a repeat for Mappin's Masboro Old Brewery, Ltd., of Rotherham.