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ROAD AND WORKSHOP by Handyman
Page 58
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Arc Welding Hints—Positional Welding "Vertical-up"
L'OR quick and easy repairs on the I vehicle, it is necessary to master the art of positional welding. The easier approach to this is to start with " verticalup" and stay on this method until it is perfected. First of all, it is important to check the electrodes, and select the one indicated by the maker to be suitable for vertical application. As a rule, the electrode will not be heavier than 8 s.w.g., although quite a number of experienced welders use 6 s.w.g. It will be found in practice that the amperage can be lowered slightly and a shorter arc used.
Also in vertical welding, vertical-up
produces the best results, as it is very difficult to obtain good penetration on vertical-down. Therefore, the garage welder is well advised to really master the up weld. For practice purposes, a section of I-in, plate should be welded vertically on to a heavy steel base (see Fig. 1).
To start, point the electrode at 70 to 750 to the vertical plate—this represents 15 to 20° below horizontal. On striking the arc, keep this as short as possible, maintain the angle and concentrate on a steady rate of climb, so that evenness of bead is obtained. Practise various rates of travel and select the best by a study of penetration, even beads and correct slag lay. it will be found that on starting at the bottom, the 70-75° angle cannot be applied at once. For the first inch or two the angle can be 15-20° above horizontal, but brought down to 15-20° at the earliest moment.
In dealing with butt and fillet welds in
the vertical, prepare as for downhar bench work, tacking or clamping applicable, or making. the necessary pr weld correction for cooling distortio Then proceed as practised on the ft plate. Use a short arc and study penetr lion carefully, particularly on the fir run up the root of the joint. Be careft when starting a new electrode, to rem the crater left by the last rod: that strike slightly ahead and travel back.
For second and third runs, it will no be necessary to weave, and the most sui able weave pattern is shown in Fig. which is the triangular method, the apt of the triangle being at the top centre the weld.
During weaving, the electrode thou be maintained 15 to 20° below ti horizontal, and a slight hesitation shou be made at each point of the triangl The student should fully master vertica up technique before attempting overheE welding.