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Abreast of DAGENHAM'S
Page 92
Page 93
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DEVELOPMENT
THE remarkable growth of Dagenham, Essex, during the past few years, has created numerous problem in connection with municipal administration, amongst the most importEnt being those relating to public health. Every development of the district has made a further demand upon the transPort resources of the urban district council, and has brought Mr. T. P. Francis, engineer and surveyor, Mr. A. E. ,Stickland, the deputy surveyor, and Mr. J. Clarke, the cleansing superintendent, face to face with new problem. An efficient transport system, employing 29 mechanical vehicles, has been built up to meet the growing needs of the district.
Dagenham was created an urban district in 1926, when the population numbered about 40,000 persons, living within an area of some 6,500 acres. The latest census revealed a population of 89,000, but this figure is believed to have been increased to about 100,000, partly on account of the opening of the Ford works and the development of other industrial enterprises.
Effect of Ford Operations.
The urban district, which includes Decontree and Chadwell Heath, now has some 20,000 premises the Ford factory being responsible, according to Mr. Sticklaud, for the erection of probably 2,000 houses. It is fortunate that approximately 15,000 houses are grouped together on the Recontree Estate, which as been developed by the London County Council, because this centralisation simplifies the work of refuse-collection. The remaining 5,000 premises are scattered throughout the area.
The design of some of the houses is, however, such that the distance from the refuse-collection vehicle to the bin is excessive, and this has created a distinct difficulty.
Refuse is collected weekly from each house or shop, the limit of free removal being one bin (3 cubic ft.) per week. A charge of 6d. is made for each bin in excess of this number. It is also provided that where the amount of trade refuse to be removed is extensive, a contract may be entered into with the council, whereby a charge of £1 as. per
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bin per annum is made for any container in excess of one, or £1 per load of not more than a ton or 7 cubic yards. ' The fleet of refuse collectors consists of seven S.D. Freighters, four of 7 cubicyard capacity, and three of 10-cubicyard capacity, some having canvas body flaps and the latest types with treadleoperated metal covers. The vehicles work on the relay system, one being loaded while another proceeds to the refuse tip. Their day coMmences tit 7 a.m. and finishes at 5 p.m. In future, 10-cubic-yard machines will, we under
stand, be purchased. •
For the purpose of refuse collection, the district is divided into four sections. On round one, two S.D. Freighters collect weekly from 6,178 premises, carrying about 25 loads. Another two vehicles are employed on the second round, removing refuse from 6,329 houses per week, whilst in the third area, there are 6,207 houses at which two S.D. Freighters call every week. Finally, on round four, 1,548 calls are made by one vehicle.
These facts in themselves are remarkable, but the following statistics provide even more striking testimony to the efficiency of the refuse vehicles :— During the year ended March 31, 1932, 21,323 tons of refuse were col
leeted, the weight of waste matter per 1,000 population per day being 13.1 cwt. The cost of removal per ton was 8s. 10.5d.; per 1,000 premises, £480 13s. 5d., and per 1,000 population, £105 17s. 8d., the total east of collection being £9,462. These are net casts. .
The distance from the .point of collection to the tip averages 3.8 miles each way, the return journey, being completed in about 45 minutes (average time): Incidentally, the tip is, at present, tolerated as something in the nature of a necessary evil, but a separation and incineration plant is under construction at a cost of about £13,000.
Beat System of Street Cleansing.
The classes of refuse removed from Chadwell Heath, Beeontree and Dagenham vary. In the first-named area, it is of the ordinary dry house variety, whereas in the two other districts the refuse is heavy and contains a fair proportion of cinders, etc.
-Street cleansing is effected on the beat system, men with orderly barrows collecting the sweepings, and, later, transferring them to three Ford 30-cwt. lorries, which cover 25-30 miles a day. Each lorry attends to four barrows, emptying them three-times a day. This system is supplemented by the use of a
A Garrett 750-gallon appliance is used for gully-emptying and cesspool-emptying. In a year, this machine empties 7,382 gullies, representing 153 loads, mid collects 817 loads from cesspools. During the year ended March 31, 1932, the cost of the former elass of work was £530, and of the latter, 1615.
Horsed vehicles are employed on night-soil collection (Monday and Tuesday nights) and on sewer cleansing. For duty in connection with the highways, the following mechanical appliances are employed :—An Aveling and Porter &ton steam roller, two Barford and Perkins 21-ton petrol Toilers and a 4-ton roller of ,the hitter make and type. For transport purposes, an A.E.C.
ton lorry and a Morris utility van are used, the latter vehicle having just been acquired.
The Morris light van chassis forms the basis of this interesting machine, and the body is equipped with 'folding longitudinal seats, so that it may be employed for the transport of sub-committees, etc. Hinged on the rear door is a table, and, on certain days, this is used as a desk from which gangs working away from the depot are paid. Another use served by the van is that of carrying books. The vehicle was supplied by Stewart and Ardern, Ltd.
Two McCormick tractor-trailer outfits, incorporating Carrim ore two-wheeled trailers, and three Ford 30-cwt. lorries are operated on general-purpose work.
In the urban district of Dagenham, there are parks having a total acreage of about 350, and, in this connection, an A.T.-Ford golf-course tractor with triple mowing attachment, and three motor mowers of Atco, Dennis and Ransomes makes are employed. This A.T.-Ford can be used as a haulage unit, having a body and interchangeable spiked and rubber-tyred rear wheels.
The fire-brigade department has charge of five machines, these consisting of a Fordson chemical pump, HalleysSimonis fire-engine, a Ford fire-tender, and two ambulances of Ford
and Morris-Commercial makes. Incidentally, the first-named appliance has only recently been supplied by the National Fire Protection Co., Ltd., which, also designed it, as mentioned in our issues dated January 13 and 20. The tender has given good. service, under arduous conditions, for six years.
The council has its own maintenance department, and each mechanical vehicle receives daily attention.
The enterprise of the local authority and of the L.C.C. is causing Dagenham to develop still further, and it may net be long before additional vehicles are necessary to keep pace with the increasing amount of work that is being thrown upon the municipal-transport system.